Physical Topologies used in networking:
Bus Topology- Single backbone cable that is terminated at both ends. All hosts connect directly to backbone. Modern cable T.V. uses a variation of the bus topology.
Ring Topology- Connects one host to the next and the last host to the first, creating a physical ring of cable. Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) and Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) are based on ring topology.
Star Topology- Connects all the hosts to a central point. Star topology also is known as a hub-and-spoke network. With these network, all the remote sites are connected to a single central site.
Extended Star Topology- Links individual stars together by connecting the hubs or switches. Extended star topology is an upgrade from star topology.
Hierarchical Topology- Similar to Extender Star but, with LAN, instead of linking the hubs or switches together, instead they are linked to a network device. Device is usually a router that controls the traffic on the topology.
Mesh Topology- Provides redundant connection between network devices and/or locations. A full mesh in implemented to provide as much protection as possible from interruption of service. One place might use a mesh topology would be a nuclear power plant. With a full mesh, each site location has its own connections to all sites. Internet does not adopt the full mesh topology.
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